Muscle models

From Biomch-W

Modeling of force generation in muscles allows conducting dynamic simulations to explore motor control strategies. Commonly, two differential equations describe the muscular dynamics, one related to activation dynamics, the other based on force-generation properties. A variety of muscle models exist based on the work conducted by Zajac, Crit Rev Biomed Eng 17:359-411, 1989.

Following example illustrates a muscle model with the activation (a) and muscle fiber length (l_M) as state variables of the muscle model. This model was used for lower extremity simulations in Erdemir et al., J Biomech Eng 126:237-43, 2004.